Epidermal protection with cryogen spray cooling during high fluence pulsed dye laser irradiation: an ex vivo study.
نویسندگان
چکیده
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Higher laser fluences than currently used in therapy (5-10 J/cm(2)) are expected to result in more effective treatment of port wine stain (PWS) birthmarks. However, higher incident fluences increase the risk of epidermal damage caused by absorption of light by melanin. Cryogen spray cooling offers an effective method to reduce epidermal injury during laser irradiation. The objective of this study was to determine whether high laser incident fluences (15-30 J/cm(2)) could be used while still protecting the epidermis in ex vivo human skin samples. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS Non-PWS skin from a human cadaver was irradiated with a Candela ScleroPlus Laser (lambda = 585 nm; pulse duration = 1.5 msec) by using various incident fluences (8-30 J/cm(2)) without and with cryogen spray cooling (refrigerant R-134a; spurt durations: 40-250 msec). Assessment of epidermal damage was based on histologic analysis. RESULTS Relatively short spurt durations (40-100 msec) protected the epidermis for laser incident fluences comparable to current therapeutic levels (8-10 J/cm(2)). However, longer spurt durations (100-250 msec) increased the fluence threshold for epidermal damage by a factor of three (up to 30 J/cm(2)) in these ex vivo samples. CONCLUSION Results of this ex vivo study show that epidermal protection from high laser incident fluences can be achieved by increasing the cryogen spurt duration immediately before pulsed laser exposure.
منابع مشابه
Cryogen spray cooling efficiency: improvement of port wine stain laser therapy through multiple-intermittent cryogen spurts and laser pulses.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Cryogen spray cooling (CSC) is used to minimize the risk of epidermal damage during laser treatment of port wine stain (PWS) birthmarks. Unfortunately, CSC may not provide the necessary protection for patients with high concentrations of epidermal melanin. The objectives of this study are to: (1) provide a definition of cooling efficiency (eta) based on the amount of h...
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متن کاملExperimental study of multiple-intermittent cryogen spurts and laser pulses for the treatment of port wine stain birthmarks
Cryogen spray cooling (CSC) is used to minimize the risk of epidermal damage during pulsed laser treatment of port wine stain (PWS) birthmarks. Unfortunately, the current approach to CSC does not provide the necessary epidermal protection for all patients, particularly those with darker skin types. Therefore, alternative approaches need to be sought to improve PWS laser therapy. On a previous n...
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ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Lasers in surgery and medicine
دوره 27 4 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2000